September 30
International: Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin arrived in Tehran for talks with President Masoud Pezeshkian and other senior officials. “I believe that there is enormous potential for expanding cooperation in the fields of energy, transport, industry, trade, and cultural and humanitarian relations between Russia and Iran, though over the past seven months our joint trade has increased by 6.5 percent,” Mishustin told Pezeshkian. They finalized a gas supply deal in which Iran would import Russian gas via a pipeline as part of a swap agreement.
Military: Rear Admiral Shahram Irani discussed the potential for deeper maritime cooperation, including joint patrols and educational exchanges, with his Chinese counterpart Admiral Hu Zhongming in China.
October 1
Military: The Revolutionary Guards launched at least 180 ballistic missiles at Israel in retaliation for the killing of Hamas and Hezbollah leaders as well as an Iranian brigadier general. But Israel, with the help of a U.S. and other forces, intercepted most of the weapons.
October 2
International: President Pezeshkian arrived in Doha, Qatar to participate in the 19th Asian Cooperation Dialogue (ACD) Summit. He met with Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al Thani. During a joint press conference, Pezeshkian suggested that the United States and Europe restrain Israel. He warned that Iran would harshly respond to any Israeli counterstrike. Qatar and Iran signed six cooperation agreements during the visit.
Domestic: Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi appointed Esmail Baghaei, a veteran diplomat, as the new ministry spokesman. Baghaei had previously served as ambassador to the U.N. office in Geneva. He replaced Nasser Kanaani.